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A clutch is a mechanism for transmitting rotation, which can be engaged and disengaged. Clutches are useful in devices that have two rotating shafts. In these devices, one shaft is typically driven by a motor or pulley, and the other shaft drives another device. In a drill, for instance, one shaft is driven by a motor, and the other drives a drill chuck. The clutch connects the two shafts so that they can either be locked together and spin at the same speed, or be decoupled and spin at different speeds.

Single Plate & Multiplate Clutch:

A single plate clutch has a clutch plate whose sidesd ase faced with a friction material usually ferrodo. Its mounted on a hub which is free to move axially along the splines of the driven sahft. The pressure plate is mounted inside the clutch body which is bolted to the flywheel. Both the pressure plate and the flywheel rotate with the engine crankshaft. And for the engaging and disengaging of the clutch there are levers provided.

A multiplate clutch may be uesd when a large torque is to be transmitted. The inside discs, usually of steel, are fastyened to the driven shaft to permit axial motion, except for the last disc. The outside discs , usually of bronze, are held by bolts and are fastened to the housing which is keyed to the driving shaft. The multiplate clutches are extensively used in motor cars , machine tools, etc...


Cone Clutch:

A cone clutch serves the same purpose as a disk or plate clutch. However, instead of mating two spinning disks, the cone clutch uses two conical surfaces to transmit friction and torque. The cone clutch transfers a higher torque than plate or disk clutches of the same size due to the wedging action and increased surface area. Cone clutches are generally now only used in low peripheral speed applications although they were once common in automobiles and other combustion engine transmissions. They are usually now confined to very specialist transmissions in racing, rallying, or in extreme off-road vehicles, although they are common in power boats. Small cone clutches are used in synchronizer mechanisms in manual transmissions.


Centrifugal Clutch:

A centrifugal clutch is a cluthat operates automatically via rotational motion rather than lateral. In an automobile clutch with a manual transmission, the clutch is deactivated with a foot pedal which in turns pushes on a fulcrum, which retracts the pressure plate, causing the engine and transmission to separate from power, and the driver able to change gears.

A centrifugal clutch works through centrifugal force. The input of the clutch is connected to the engine crankshaft while the output may drive a shaft, chain, or belt. As engine RPM increases, weighted arms in the clutch swing outward and force the clutch to engage. The most common types have friction pads or shoes radially mounted that engage the inside of the rim of a housing. On the center shaft there are an assorted amount of extension springs, which connect to a clutch shoe. When the center shaft spins fast enough, the springs extend causing the clutch shoes to engage the friction face. It can be compared to a drum brake in reverse. This type can be found on most home built karts, lawn and garden equipment, and low power Another type used in racing karts has friction and clutch disks stacked together like a motorcycle clutch. The weighted arms force these disks together and engage the clutch.